Wireless charging is essentially the transmission of an electrical current from a power source to a receiving device without the use of a physical connection. The electrical current is then used to charge or re-charge the battery of the receiving device. In this circumstance the receiving device can be anything from a smartphone or wearable, to a large industrial forklift.
Working of wireless charging:
Wireless charging is based on the principle of magnetic resonance or inductive power transfer (IPT) – the process whereby electricity is transferred between two objects through coils.
- Mains voltage is converted into high frequency alternating current (AC).
- The alternating current (AC) is sent to the transmitter coil by the transmitter circuit. The alternating current then induces a time varying magnetic field in the transmitter coil.
- Alternating current flowing within the transmitter coil induces a magnetic field which extends to the receiver coil (when within a specified distance).
- The magnetic field generates current within the receiver coil of the device. The process whereby energy is transmitted between the transmitter and receiver coil is also referred to as magnetic or resonant coupling and is achieved by both coils resonating at the same frequency.
- Current flowing within the receiver coil is converted into direct current (DC) by the receiver circuit, which can then be used to charge the battery.
- Greater convenience and ubiquity for charging of everyday devices
- Reduce cost associated with maintaining mechanical connectors
- Safe powering or charging devices that need to remain sterile or hermetically sealed (waterproof)
- Prevent corrosion due to elements such as oxygen and water
- Eliminate sparks and debris associated with wired contacts
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